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JLPT N1 Grammar

N1

Master essential grammar patterns for JLPT N1 level.

1

〜に至って

Meaning: as a result of / having reached the point where

Usage:

Used to express reaching a particular state or conclusion

Examples:

  • 事態が深刻になるに至って、ようやく対策を考え始めた。
    Only when the situation became serious did we finally start thinking about countermeasures.
  • 問題が明らかになるに至って、謝罪した。
    Having reached the point where the problem became clear, he apologized.
Note:

Often used in formal or written Japanese.

2

〜を余儀なくされる

Meaning: be forced to / be compelled to

Usage:

Used to express being forced to do something against one's will

Examples:

  • 経済状況により、会社を閉鎖することを余儀なくされた。
    Due to economic conditions, we were forced to close the company.
  • 事故により、計画の変更を余儀なくされた。
    Due to the accident, we were compelled to change our plans.
Note:

Very formal expression, often used in news or official documents.

3

〜に越したことはない

Meaning: nothing is better than / it's best to

Usage:

Used to express that something is the best option

Examples:

  • 健康に越したことはない。
    Nothing is better than health.
  • 早めに準備するに越したことはない。
    It's best to prepare early.
Note:

Often used to give advice or express preferences.

4

〜を禁じ得ない

Meaning: cannot help but / cannot help feeling

Usage:

Used to express unavoidable emotions or reactions

Examples:

  • その話を聞いて、涙を禁じ得なかった。
    I couldn't help but cry when I heard that story.
  • 彼の態度に怒りを禁じ得ない。
    I cannot help feeling angry at his attitude.
Note:

Very formal and literary expression.

5

〜が最後

Meaning: once / as soon as

Usage:

Used to express that once something happens, a certain result is inevitable

Examples:

  • 彼が話し始めたが最後、止まらない。
    Once he starts talking, he won't stop.
  • このゲームを始めたが最後、やめられない。
    Once I start this game, I can't stop.
Note:

Used with past tense form of verbs + が最後.